Inspection Checklist for Buying a Used Farm Tractor

Looking to purchase a used farm tractor? It can be a smart financial decision—as long as you know what to look for. With the right inspection techniques, you can ensure you're investing in a reliable machine that will get the job done for years to come without constantly breaking down.

At Clines Equipment, located right here in Aurora, MO, we know what it takes to keep your equipment running smoothly. That’s why we’ve put together these seven key tips to help you inspect a used farm tractor before you make the purchase. With these steps, you can feel confident you’re getting quality machinery. And if you have questions, remember—"Just Call Clines!"

1. Examine the Body and Tires

Start by looking at the overall condition of the tractor. If the body appears to be heavily worn or damaged, it may be a sign the equipment hasn't been handled with care, which could lead to more issues down the line. A well-maintained appearance, on the other hand, often indicates the previous owner treated the tractor properly.

Tires are another crucial element to evaluate. Replacing them can be costly, so inspect for visible damage such as cracks or bulges. Don’t forget to measure the tire tread depth. Compare this measurement with the original manufacturer's specifications to determine how much life is left in the tires. Tires with minimal remaining tread will need to be replaced soon, adding extra cost to your purchase.

2. Inspect the Engine

The heart of the tractor is its engine, and ensuring it's running smoothly should be a top priority during your inspection. Start by lifting the hood and running the engine to identify any leaks in the hoses, hydraulics, or engine block. Look for signs of wear or cracks in fuel, coolant, or hydraulic lines.

If you have access to one, use a mechanic's stethoscope to listen to the engine block while it's running. Sounds like knocking or scraping could indicate internal engine issues. Next, remove and inspect the air filter; a clean filter suggests regular maintenance, while a dirty one might indicate neglect. Lastly, check the engine plate to verify it meets emissions standards in your area and more imporantly has sufficient horsepower for your needs.

3. Evaluate the Articulation Point

The articulation point plays a critical role in how the tractor operates. Start with a visual inspection to see if it has been lubricated recently, and check for metal fragments, which could signal wear and tear from improper care.

Once that's done, perform an operational test by driving the tractor forward and backward. Listen carefully for unusual noises like knocking, which could indicate transmission issues. Then, test the steering by turning left and right. Steering that feels loose or "wanders" might point to a damaged primary pin, while tight steering could mean additional lubrication—or even repairs—are needed.

4. Test the Power Take-Off (PTO) Shaft

The PTO shaft is integral when it comes to operating farm equipment attachments. Turn on the tractor and engage the PTO, watching for a smooth, even rotation. Any knocking sounds or uneven movement could signal damage to the shaft, which can result in expensive repairs. Don’t overlook this critical part of the inspection—it could save you future headaches!

5. Check the Hydraulic System

The hydraulic system is essential for powering attachments and ensuring the tractor functions properly. Inspect for leaks and worn seals throughout the system, including the tank and hydraulic outlets. If you plan to use multiple attachments, confirm that there are enough auxiliary lines and outlets to meet your specific requirements and check that the system can deliver the necessary power.

6. Review the Cab

If the tractor has a cabin, it’s worth spending a little time inside. Check for cleanliness—dirt and mud may indicate the tractor hasn’t been cared for properly. For cabs with electronic guidance systems, verify that all electronics, displays, and receivers are functioning correctly.

Take note of the tractor's operating hours, as this is an important factor in determining its remaining service life. A high-hour tractor that’s well-maintained could still be a good choice, but it may require more frequent servicing in the near future.

7. Examine the Maintenance Records

Nothing tells the story of a used tractor better than its maintenance log. Review work orders, inspection records, and service history to understand how the tractor has been used and maintained over time. A consistent record of maintenance is a strong indicator that the tractor has been taken care of and repaired as needed. 

Make an Informed Decision

Buying a used tractor can be a rewarding experience when you know what to look for. By following these seven inspection tips, you’ll be able to confidently assess the tractor's condition and decide whether it’s a worthwhile investment. From the tires to the engine and everything in between, doing your due diligence can save you a lot of trouble and expense down the road.

At Clines Equipment in Aurora, MO, we’re here to help every step of the way. Whether you’re looking to buy, or want a professional opinion, remember—"Just Call Clines!" Visit our website or stop by today to check out our inventory of tractors and agricultural equipment.